Liquid-fuel burner.



J. LIEBER.

LIQUID FUEL BURNR. APPLICATION FILED IUNEZ, 1916.

w Patented Jan. 22,1918.

JEAN LIEBER, OF LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 22, 11918.

Application led J'une 2, 1918. Serial No. 101,410.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JEAN LIEBER, a citizen of the Republic ofSwitzerland, residing at Lausanne, Switzerland, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to'which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification. l

The present invention relates to liquidfuel-burners for heating, weldingor brazing of heavy pieces of metal lying in an open forge hearth, forwhich purpose, as is well known, a large fiame or jet is required.

It has been t'ried to construct large burners with large fiames for thispurpose, but it was found that owing to their great size and weightthese burners were cumbersome and difficult to handle and caused aconsiderable waste of heat. Thus it was found necessary to lieat thepieces to be welded in an open forge hearth and to heat themsimultaneously from above by means of a burner.

In order, however, that a burner of this kind may work satisfactorily,i't should satisfy the following conditions: r

(1) Combustion should take place without the development of smoke orwaste of fuel and should produce a maximum temperature.

(2) All means for moving the apparatus and for the control and supply offuel must be so designed and arranged, that even after several hourscontinuous work the will remain cool, insure an absolutely uni ormsupply of fuel and besides be very durable, not giving rise to oxidationor to choking of the leads.

(3) The whole apparatus and particularly the torch itself must beadjustable to widely differing positions, so that it might be used forall kinds of work and the Jet directed wherever desirable. y

(4) The burner must be light in weight, ever ready for use and easilyportable, so as to adapt itself to any conditions of work, beindependent of the form of benches, of hearth aswell as-of the piece ofthe work and dispense with the use of time-wasting 1v arrangements forspecial kinds of work.

and

(6) It must work to satisfaction either with fuels capable ofvaporization or: with fuels admitting of spraying only.

The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus of thekind described that will satisfy the above conditions.

In the accompanying drawings Figures l to 5 illustrate a firstembodiment of the present invention wherein: l x

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the burner,

Fig. 2 a section through the torch,

Fig. 3 a section on line A-B of Fig. 4,

I; ig. 4 a section on line C-D of Fig. 1, an

Fig. 5 a vertical section through the fuelcan.

Fig. 6 is a section through a second example of carrying the inventioninto effect, while f Fig. 7 shows a. third embodiment ofthe inventionin. longitudinal section.

Figs. 8 and 9 are drawn on a larger scale and show details hereinafterreferred to.

1 is a fuel-can having a carrying handlel 2 and 3 is an air pump ofknown design and serves to apply pressure to the fuel. 4 is afuel-supply-pipe having a flexible part 6 and a valve 5. A stand 7 isprovided to carry said pipe 4 and is itself supported by arms 8 fastenedto the fuel-can 1. 9 is a rod vertically guided in the said stand 7 andadapted to be fixed in any desiredposition by means of a set screw 7a.Slidable on the rod 9 is a sleeve 1() whose position on the former mayybe fixed by-means of a screw 11 and which has a screw-threaded hole 12serving as nut for the spindle of a hand-wheel 13. This hand-wheel actson a jaw 14 adapted to hold the supply-pipe 4 against the sleeve 10,whereby the said pipe can be secured in posit1on.

Adjacent to the torch, a fuel-supply controlling device is arranged inthe fuel-supply lead (Figs. 1 and 2). 16a is a valve carried by a stem16; the latter has a hand- Wheel 17 fitted to its other end, isscrewthreaded on part. of its length and guided in a nut 18 provided ina fitting 19. A turning movement of the hand-wheel 17 causes axialdisplacement of the stern 16 and the communication between the tubularpassages 4 and 21 of the fitting 19 may thus be established, orinterrupted, at will.

In the rear part 23 of the torch 22 is (5) The apparatus must be easy toclean lll) the nozzle. 30 is a cover around the torch 22. i

A vapori'zation chamber 31 is arranged be- -tween the outer cover andthe-front part of torch 22, and connected to thenozzle 24 `by a tube 32l and to the passage 21 by a tubel 32. A su port 33 serves to fasten thecover 30 to the tting 19.

The apparatus works as follows: The air pump 3 is actuated untilsufficient pressure is created in the fuel-can, when fuel is pressed upto the fuel-heater or vaporization chamber 31. Then the jaw 14, whlch inthis present instance is adjustable, is loosened and the tube 4 turneduntil the axis of the torch takes a vertical position. A pan or the likenot shown in they drawings 1s arranged underneath the torchand throughthe nozzle 24 oil is admitted into -it and ignited whereby a preliminaryheating of the burnertakes place and the process of vaporization isstarted. After removing the said pan, the whole apparatus is carried tothe vicinity of the hearth ori-which are placed they castings to betreated, and by means of the clamping devices 7 a, 11 and 13 the torchis adjusted in any desired position. It is clear that the supply tube 4may be rotated about` its own axis through an angle of 360 as well asswung horizontally and vertically about the universal joint at 10 1through an arc of 360. In addition its yso height above the floor may beadjusted at will, and the result is a heating apparatus that is alwaysready for work at shortest `notice and that may be handled by a singleoperator. If so desired, the tube'4 may be detached from the stand 7 andsupported by hand. The fuel-can 1 is so arranged as to be on the sideopposite to where the heating takes place, thereby at the same timeacting as stabilizer to the torch which thus may be used at aconsiderable distance from the stand 9. The parts are distributed so asto obtain a compact Aapparatus that is absolutely proof againstexplosions and may be used everywhere, even outside the workshops forany length of time without any danger arising. Besides, the apparatus iseasily portable and dispenses with the use of benches, `supports andother auxiliary arrangements.

The clampingidevioes 7*,'11 andv 13 as well tion Aof the parts isprevented and even when' the working temperature attains a maximum valuethe said parts may be touched by hand withdut danger.

A further advantage of the air being admitted to the torch from behindis that this air Vis fresh, not yet contaminated by the hearth fire andtherefore contains oxygen in a percentage sufiicient for economicalcombustion. The controlling means also lprevent ignition of the gas inthe leads which may occur .when shutting-ofi", and thus the dangerousApossibility of the combustion gases gaining access to the fuel-can isdefinitely averted.

Figs. 6. to 9 show two .kinds of torches which, in conjunction with thedescribed apparatus, are intended for use with heavy oil, tar oil orother cheap fuel, and which act as atomizers.

In the example of execution shown in Fig. 6, the ltorch has a doublecover 34, the inner part of which is of conical shape at one end.Between the two walls of the cover, a layer of heat-insulating materialis provided at 35. 36 is a nozzle for the fuel, 37 a nozzle for thecompressed air. It will be seen from Figs. 8 and 9 that these twonozzles are arranged at an angle, which is of 90 in the caseillustrated. In this case it is also advantageous to arrange the nozzle36 with a beveled face (Fig. 8) or with a conical bore,

the axis of the cone bein at an angle to that of the nozzle (Fig. 9).lhe result of either arrangement is that the spray of fuel issues fromthe nozzle in the shape of a cone whose geometrical axis is deflected,whereby a more gradual passing of thefuel into the direction of the airjet 1s obtained, and in this -manner, the combustion is furtherimproved. As indicated in Fig. 7, in torches of this kind, the fuelnozzle may also be provided with a cleaning device of the kind shown inFig. 2, arrangement and design of the parts being essentially as abovedescribed.

As the inner Iwall of the cover 34 becomes very hot in a short time, aquick and smokefree ignition is obtained. On the other hand, theinsulating layer 35 prevents the loss of heat, all the heat beingcommunicated to thespray of oil, while the outer wall of cover 34 servesto protect the fragile insula- Referring to Fig. 7, a single cover may`naeaiae be used and lined at 38 with a layer of suitable material suchas molten vquartz or the like. The torch may be exchangeable and in thiscase the apparatus can be used, with little delay, for both light andheavy oil according to desire.

What I claim is:

l1. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuelunder pressure, of atorch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter andcommunicating with the container, a support for the conduit, and meansconnecting the support and conduit whereby the latter may be adjustedalong a vertical axis, and swing in both a vertical plane and in ahorizontal plane. I

Q. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuelunder pressure, of

a torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter and communicatingwith the container, a support for the conduit, and means connecting thesupport and conduit whereby the latter may be rotated about its axis,

adjusted along a vertical axis and swung in both a vertical plane andvin a horizontal plane. v I

3. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuelunder pressure, of a torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latterand communicating with .the container, a support for the conduit, andmeans connecting the support and conduit whereby the latter may berotated about its axis, moved longitudinally, adjusted along a verticalaxis and swung in both a vertical plane and in a horizontal plane.

4. Ina liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuelunder pressure, of a torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latterand communicating with the V container, a vertical standard connected tothe container, a connecting member adjustably mounted on the standardand compristion with a container for'fuel under pres-- sure, of a'torch,a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter and communicating with thecontainer, a vertical standard connected to the container, a connectingmember adjustably mounted on the standard and comprising means wherebythe conduit may be adjusted in angular relation to the standard,revolved around the latter, adjusted vertically thereon, rotated on itsaxis, and moved longitudinally.

(i. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination with a container for fuelunder pressure, a torch, a fuel supply conduit carrying the latter andcommunicating with the container, a telescopic standard connected withthe latter, means for regulating the height of the standard, a sleeveadjustably mounted on the upper member of the latter, a clamp rotatablymounted on the sleeve and co eratin with the latter to support the conuit in ifl'erent positions. v

7. In a liquid fuel burner, a torch adapted to be quickly brought to ahigh temperature, means for protecting the torch against loss lof heat,a compressed air nozzle mounted in the' rear open end of the torch, afuel nozzle arranged at an angle to the air nozzle and having a conicaloutlet, the axis of which is at an angle to the axis of the bore of thefuel nozzle. j

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signedmy name in v presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J EAN LIEBER.

Witnesses: v

J AoQUEs VILLIGER, CHARLES B-oNrFAcE.

